Monday, July 18, 2011

Ernest Douwes Dekker

Douwes.jpgDr. Ernest François Eugène Douwes Dekker (commonly known by the name or Danudirja Setiabudi DouwesDekker, born in Pasuruan, East Indies Netherlands, October 8, 1879 - died in Bandung, West Java, August 28, 1950 at age 70 years) was a freedom fighter and national hero of Indonesia.

He is one of the foundation stone of Indonesian nationalism inthe early 20th century, critical of government policy penulisyangcolonial Dutch East Indies, journalists, aktivispolitik, as well as the originator of the "archipelago" as the name for an independent Dutch East Indies. Setiabudi was one of "the Three"movement of Indonesia's independence fighters, but dr. TjiptoMangoenkoesoemo and Suwardi Suryaningrat.

Personal life

Ernest was the third (of four children) partner Henri Auguste Edouard Douwes Dekker (Netherlands-blooded), a stock broker and agent banks, and Margaretha Louisa Neumann, an Indo German father and a mother of Java. With his work, Auguste including high-income people. Ernest, commonly called "Nes" by those close to him or "DD" by his comrades, still considered the brother of the author of Max Havelaar, namely Eduard Douwes Dekker (Multatuli), which is a sister to his grandfather. [2] Olaf Douwes Dekker , grandson of Guido, his brother, a poet in Breda, The Netherlands. DD Deije married Clara Charlotte (1885-1968), son of mixed German-Dutch doctor in 1903, and had five children, but two of whom died as a baby (both male). Who survive are all women.This marriage ran aground in 1919 and they divorced. DD then remarried to Johanna Petronella Mossel (1905-1978), an Indo-Jewish, in 1927. Johanna is a teacher who helped Ksatrian Instituut secretarial activities, the school established DD. From this marriage they were not blessed with children. At DD exiled to Surinam in 1941 the couple should split up, and at that time then Djafar Kartodiredjo married Johanna, who is also an Indo (formerly known as Arthur Kolmus), without an official divorce first. It is unclear whether DD knew this marriage because he had been in exile but still send letters went unanswered. When DD "fuzzy" from Suriname and settled briefly in the Netherlands (1946), he became close to a caring nurse, Nelly Geertzema née Kruymel Alberta, an Indonesian who is a widow with one. Nelly then accompany the DD who use pseudonyms in order to return to Indonesia by the Dutch intelligence not captured. Knowing that Johanna had married Djafar, DD shortly afterwards married Nelly, in 1947. DD then use the name Danoedirdja Setiabuddhi and Nelly use Wanasita Haroemi name, the names proposed by Sukarno. After the death of DD, Haroemi married Wayne E. Evans in 1964 and now lives in the United States. Despite loving his children, DD seems to be too focused on the struggle of idealism that somewhat less attention to the family inside. He once said to his sister, Adelin, when he fought for was to give a better future for their children in the future of Indian independence. In fact, all his children to leave Indonesia to the Netherlands when the Japanese entered. Similarly, all brothers, no one chose to become Indonesian citizens.

Biography


Youth

Nes basic education adopted in Pasuruan. School first forwardedto the HBS in Surabaya, then moved to GymnasiumWillem III, anelite school in Batavia. After graduate school he worked at a coffee plantation "Soember Doeren" in Malang, East Java. There he witnessed the mistreatment suffered by plantation workers,and often defend them. His actions made ​​it less desirable co-workers, but officials favored subordinates. Due to conflicts withhis manager, he was transferred to the sugar plantation"Padjarakan" in Kraksaan as a laboratory assistant. Again, he was in conflict with management for the affairs of the division ofirrigation for sugarcane plantations and rice farmers. As a result,he was fired.

Boer war

Unemployed and his mother's sudden death, making Nes decidedto leave South Africa in 1899 to join the Second BoerdalamPerang against England. He even became a citizen of the Republic of Transvaal. A few months later the two brothers, Juliusand Guido, followed. Nes caught and imprisoned in a camp in Ceylon. There he became acquainted with sasteraIndia, and slowly his mind began to open to unfair treatment the Dutch East Indies colonial government against its citizens.


As a journalist critical and initial activity


DD repatriated to the Netherlands East Indies in 1902, and worked as a shipping agent KPM, the state-owned shipping company. A decent income makes bold editing Deije Clara Charlotte, daughter of a German physician who lived in the Netherlands Indies, in 1903. His ability to write reports in the newspaper wars of experience leading to a reporter he was offered a leading koranSemarang, De Locomotief. This is where he began pioneering the ability to organize. Journalistic tasks, such as the plantations in Lebak and cases of starvation in Indramayu, make it start critical of colonial policy. When he became editorial staff Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad, 1907, his writings became increasingly pro and native of Indo.Two series of articles that sharply made in 1908. The first series of articles published in February 1908 in the Dutch newspaper Nieuwe Courant Arnhemsche after the German language version was published in the German newspaper Das Freie Wort, "Het bankroet der ethische Principes in Nederlandsch Oost-Indie" ("The collapse of ethical principles in the Netherlands Indies") and then move on Bataviaasche Nieuwsblad. Approximately seven months later (late August) summer series next article appeared in the same newspaper, "Holland's Hoe het zijn spoedigst koloniën verliezen?" ("How the Dutch may soon lose its colonies", German version titled "Hollands kolonialer Untergang"). Return policy critic of ethical politics. These writings made him begin to enter the radar of the intelligence authorities. DD's house, at the same time, which is located near Stovia become a gathering place for the pioneers of Indonesia's national awakening movement, such as Sutomo and Cipto Mangunkusumo, to learn and discuss. Budi Utomo (BO), the organization that claimed to be the first national organization, was born for his help. He even attended the first congress in Yogyakarta BO. Aspects of education can not escape the attention of DD. In 1910 (March 8) he helped birth to the birth of the Universiteit Indische Vereeniging (IUV), a body of fundraisers to enable the construction of institutions of higher education (university) in the Netherlands Indies. Inside there IUV Dutch, Indo people, aristocrats Banten and representatives of the Chinese educational organizations THHK.

Indische Partij


Because they think BO is limited to cultural issues (Java), DD is not much involved in it. As a Eurasian, he was discriminated against by the Dutch pure ("full-blooded" or trekkers). For example, the Indo can not occupy key government positions because of the level of education. They can fill the middle positions with a fairly high salary. For the same position, they receive a higher salary than the natives. However, due to ethical politics, their position is complicated because the government of the colony began to give place to the native people to positions normally filled by Indo. Of course salary givers prefer native people because they are paid less. Concern was utilized by the Indo DD to incorporate the idea of ​​self-government by the Dutch East Indies Dutch East Indies natives (Indiërs) patterned inclusive and break down boundaries of race and ethnicity. This view can be said to be original, because everyone at that time was more active on racial or tribal groups respectively. Departing from the organization of Indo, Indische Bond and Insulinde, he floated the idea of ​​a "Indie" (Indies) which is led by its own citizens, not by outsiders. Ironically, among the Indo he was warmly received only among small, because most of them prefer the status quo, though despised by the group of Indo Europeans "pure" yet they can still be served by the natives. Not satisfied because the Indische Bond and Insulinde can not be united, in 1912 Nes together with Cipto Mangunkusumo danSuwardi Suryaningrat establish an inclusive nationalist party called the Indische Partij ("Party of the Indies"). Campaign to several cities generate members numbering about 5000 people in a short time. Semarang recorded the largest number of members, followed by Bandung. The party is very popular among Indo, and accepted by both Chinese and indigenous groups, although it is suspected anyway because his ideas are radical.The anti-colonial party and the ultimate aim of independence of Indonesia was broken up by the Dutch East Indies colonial government a year later, 1913 because it is spreading hatred against the government. Due to the emergence of well-known writings Suwardi in De Expres, "Als ik eens Nederlander was" (If I were Dutch), the trio then exiled to the Netherlands, because the DD and Cipto support Suwardi.

In exile in Europe

The period in Europe used by Nes to take the doctoral program at the University of Zürich, Switzerland, in the economic field. Here he lived together his family. Obtained a doctorate in somewhat controversial and the value of "lowest-low", according to one of the examiners term. Since in Switzerland it involved a conspiracy by the revolutionaries of India, he was arrested in Hong Kong and put on trial and detained in Singapore (1918). After two years in prison, he returned to the Netherlands East Indies 1920.

Journalistic activities and events Polanharjo


Upon his return to Batavia after he was jailed DD active again in the world of journalism and the organization. He became editor of the organ of information Insulinde named De Beweging. He wrote a series of satirical articles that many pro-colonies as well as the attitude of most people: the Indo. The target is actually a de-Europeanization of the Indo, so that they realize that for the sake of their future lies with natives, not as is the case, aligned to the Netherlands. Organization of the newly formed Indo, Indisch Europeesch Verbond (IEV), criticized in the article series "De tien geboden" (Ten Commandments) and "Njo Indrik" (Sinyo Hendrik). In the latter series, IEV stamped him as a "league is silly and childish". A number of well-known loose pamphlets also written in this period, such as "Een nation of in de maak" (A nation was formed) and "Ons het volk en buitenlandsche kapitaal" (Our nation and foreign capital). At this time span also formed Nationaal Indische Partij (NIP), as successor of the Indische Partij organization that has been banned. NIP formation caused divisions among the members Insulinde between the moderates (mostly among Indo) and progressive (wanted self-government, mostly indigenous people of Indonesia). NIP eventually suffer the same fate as IP: not permitted by the Government. In 1919, DD was involved (or stuck) in the event of protests and rioting farmers / farm workers in the tobacco plantations Polanharjo, Klaten. He exposed this case because it is provoking the farmers in their meetings with people Insulinde Surakarta branch, which he attended as well. The court conducted in 1920 in Semarang. The result, he was released; but following the new cases of Batavia: he was accused of incitement to write in the newspapers he leads. This time he must protect a person (as editor of De Beweging) who wrote a commentary on it written "Freeing up this land is a must! Lower foreign rulers". What upset him was the reason the investigation was not only writing, but the "mentality" of the author (and alleged to DD). After going through a long defense, DD acquitted by the court.

Educational activities and Ksatrian Instituut


Out from custody and a series of courts, DD tend to abandon journalistic activities and busied himself in writing a number of semi-scientific books and perform breeding German shepherd dogs and is active in the organization. His achievement is quite impressive, because one of the dogs won the contest and was even able to answer some math questions and answer some written questions. Instigation Suwardi Suryaningrat who was already established university Student Park, he then participated in education, by establishing schools "Ksatrian Instituut" (KI) in Bandung. He made a lot of their own subject matter of the instructions given in Dutch. KI then develop a business education, but in Indonesia it is given a lesson of history and world history that the material is written by Nes own. Due to the contents of this history lesson of the anti-colonial and pro-Japan, in 1933 his books were confiscated by the government residency Bandung and then burned. At that time Japan began to develop political and military power in East Asia with the political expansion into Korea and China. DD then also banned from teaching.

Activities prior to disposal


Because forbidden to teach, DD and then earn by working in the office of the Japanese Chamber of Commerce in Jakarta. This makes it close to Mohammad Husni Thamrin, an indigenous representative in the Volksraad. At the same time, the Dutch East Indies government was still traumatized by the communist insurgency (ISDV) in 1927, to solve the economic problems caused by the financial crisis of 1929, and must face the development of Nazi-style fascism among European citizens (Europaeer). German invasion to Denmark and Norway, and finally to the Netherlands, in 1940 resulted in the arrest of thousands of Germans in the Netherlands Indies, following those of other Europeans who allegedly affiliated with the Nazis. DD is already "monitored", finally joined carded for being Japanese collaborator, who began to attack French Indochina. He also accused the communists.

Exile in Suriname


DD was arrested and exiled to Surinam in 1941 via the Netherlands. There he was placed in a camp deep in the interior of Suriname River named Jodensavanne ("Padang Jews"). The place was in the 17th century until the 19 th had been a place of settlement of Jews who later abandoned since then many immigrants who make trouble. Living conditions in the camps is very alarming. To the extent that DD, who was already into his 60s, had lost the ability to see.Here life is very distressed because he missed his family. The correspondence does melaluiPalang Red and have to go through censorship. When news of the end of the war, the internees (exhaust) there was not immediately released. New mid-year 1946 a number of deportees sent to the Netherlands, including DD. In the Netherlands he met Nelly Albertina Gertzema nee Kruymel, a nurse. Nelly then accompanied him back to Indonesia. Return to Indonesia as well as through a thrilling adventure because of the DD should change the name and avoid the intelligence officer at the Port of Tanjung Priok. Finally they managed to arrive in Yogyakarta, the capital of the Republic of Indonesia at that time on January 2, 1947. 

Struggle in the Revolution of Independence and the end of life Shortly after his return he was immediately involved in important positions in the Republic of Indonesia. First he served as minister of state without portfolio in the Cabinet Sjahrir III, which only works in almost 9 months. Subsequently he became successively a member of the delegation negotiating with the Dutch, a consultant in finance and economics committee in the delegation, members of the DPA, a lecturer at the Academy of Political Science, and most recently as section head of the writing of history (historiography) under the Ministry of Information. In the eyes of some Dutch officials he considered "communist" even though this is simply not true. In this period the DD live one house with Sukarno. He also occupies one of the houses on the Ground. And from home in this Ground on December 21, 1948 he picked up the Dutch troops who arrived two days earlier in Yogyakarta in order to "Police Action". After he was interrogated and then sent to Jakarta for questioning again. Soon DD released due to a poor physical condition and after promising not to involve themselves in politics. He was taken to Bandung at his request. Harumi then followed to Bandung. After the renovation, they then occupy the old house (he called "Spirit of Djuwita") in Lembangweg. In Bandung with the activity he is involved again in Ksatrian Instituut. Other activities is to collect materials for writing his autobiography (published in 1950: 70 Jaar konsekwent) and revise the writing of history books. Ernest Douwes Dekker died early hours of August 28, 1950 (written on his tombstone; August 29, 1950 version of the van der Veur, 2006) and was buried in the TMP Cikutra, Bandung. 

Appreciation DD services in the pioneering independence is expressed in many ways. In every major city can be found the street named after him: Setiabudi. Lembang Bandung street in the north, where his house stood, now named Jalan Setiabudi. In Jakarta, even his name used as the name of a district, the district Setiabudi in South Jakarta. In the Netherlands, the name of DD was also honored as being instrumental in rectifying the direction of colonialism (though most of his life he opposed political positions with the Dutch colonial government; even accused of "traitor").

Djoeanda Kartawidjaja

Djoeanda KartawidjajaIr. R. Djoeanda Kartawidjaja (New spelling: Juanda Kartawijaya) was born in Tasikmalaya, West Java, January 14, 1911 - died in Jakarta, 7 November 1963 at the age of 52 years adalahPerdana Minister of Indonesia to the 10th and last. He served from 9 April 1957hingga July 9, 1959.After that he served as Finance Minister in Cabinet Work I. 
Greatest contribution in his tenure is Djuanda Declaration of 1957 which states that Indonesia is the sea, including sea around, between and within the Indonesian archipelago into a single unit or area known as the Unitary Republic of Indonesia as an archipelago in the law of the sea convention of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) [1]. His name is immortalized as the name of the airport in Surabaya, East Java, namely Juanda Airport for his services in promoting the construction of the airfield so that it can be done. It is also enshrined for forest botanical name in Bandungyaitu Forest Park Ir. H. Djuanda, in this park are the Museum and Monument Ir. H.Djuanda. Juanda Jakarta died on 7 November 1963 because of heart attack and was buried in the TMP Kalibata, Jakarta. Based on Presidential Decree No.244/1963 Ir. H. Djuanda Kartawidjaja appointed as a national figure / hero of national independence.

Background and Education

Ir. H. Juanda was born in Tasikmalaya, 14 January 1911, thecouple's first child and Nyi Raden Kartawidjaja Monat, his father was a teacher at Hollandsch Inlansdsch Mantri School (HIS).Completed primary school education in his school and thenmoved to Europe for young people Europesche Lagere School(ELS), graduating in 1924. Furthermore, by his father put intospecial secondary schools of the Europeans is Hogere Burger School (HBS) in Bandung, and graduated in 1929. In the same year he entered the School of Engineering (Technische HoogeSchool) now Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) in Bandung,majoring in civil engineering and graduated in 1933. During his youth Djuanda active only in non-political organization and a member of the Society of Pasundan Muhamadiyah, and once thehead of Muhammadiyah schools. Lived next career employee of the Department of Public Works as a province of West Java,Dutch East Indies since 1939.

Struggle

Ir. H. Djuanda a state servants and public servants. He was an exemplary public servant. Career in various positions of service to the state and nation. Since graduating from the Technische Hogeschool (1933) he chose to serve in the community. He chose to teach in high school in Jakarta Muhammadiyah with modest salaries. In fact, at that time he was offered a teaching assistant at the Technische Hogeschool with higher salaries.After four years teaching in high school Muhammadiyah Jakarta, in 1937, serving in government service Djuanda Jawaatan Irrigation in West Java. In addition, he is also active as a member of the Regional Council of Jakarta.After the proclamation of August 17, 1945, precisely on 28 September 1945, Juanda leads the youths took over the Railway Bureau of Japan. Followed takeover Bureau of Mines, Township, residency and military objects in the Warehouse North Bandung.Then the government of Indonesia raised Djuanda as Head of the Railway Bureau in Java and Madura. After that, he was appointed as Minister of Transportation. He also had served as Minister of Water, Wealth, Finance and Defence. Several times he led the negotiations with the Dutch. Among the RTC talks, he acts as Chairman of the Committee for Economic and Financial Delegation of Indonesia. In talks this RTC, the Dutch government recognized the sovereignty of Indonesia.Juanda had captured the Dutch army at the Military Aggression II dated December 19, 1948. He was persuaded to willingly participate in the government of the State Pasundan. But he refused.He was a man of the country and the people who work beyond the call duty. Able to face challenges and find the best solution for the sake of nation and country. The most strategic work of devotion is the Declaration Djuanda December 13, 1957.Ir. Djuanda by the press dubbed the 'minister marathon' because since the beginning of independence (1946) has served as undersecretary of transportation to become Prime Minister and Defense Minister (1957-1959) to become First Minister in the period of Guided Democracy (1959-1963). So from 1946 until his death in 1963, he served once as a young minister, 14 times as a minister, and once served the Prime Minister.She was a flexible leader. In some ways he sometimes disagreed with President Sukarno and other political figures.

Andi Sultan Daeng Radja

Haji Andi Sultan Daeng Radja (Born in Matekko, Gantarang, May 20, 1894 - died at the Hospital Pelamonia Makassar, South Sulawesi, May 17, 1963 at age 68 years) was a prominent Indonesian independence and national hero of South Sulawesi. He is the son of the first pair Passari Petta Tanra Karaeng Ninong Gantarang and Andi. As a young man, Sultan Daeng Radja known for devout worship and active in Muhamamadiyah. He is the founder of the Old Mosque in Ponre which in its time the largest in South Sulawesi. 
In 1902, Sultan Daeng Radja Volksschool school (elementary school) three years in Bulukumba. Graduated from Volksschool, he continued his education to Europeesche Lagere School (ELS) in Bantaeng. Completed his education in the ELS, Sultan Daeng Radja continued his education at the School Voor Opleiding Inlandsche Ambtenaren (OSVIA) in Makassar. After completing his education at OSVIA in 1913, Sultan Daeng Radja who was then, still aged 20 years was appointed clerk of government offices Onder Afdeeling Makassar. Bebeberapa months later, he was appointed as a candidate attorney and conjunct in tHiS of Justitie Makassar. Dated January 7, 1915 Eurp Klerk was appointed to the Office of the Assistant Resident in Pompanua Bone. Subsequently, he moved again to the Office Controleur Sinjai as Klerk. From Sinjai Takalar and gets assigned to a post as deputy head of the tax. Subsequently assigned to the position of head tax Enrekang. In 1918, he was assigned as Inlandsche Besteur Asistant at Campalagian, Mandar. April 2, 1921, the government issued a decree lifting the Sultan Daeng Radja became acting District Hadat Gantarang replace Andy Malette Mappamadeng Daeng who resigned because he could not work anymore with the Dutch colonial government.Andi Mappamadeng resignation until now still a controversy, because Andy Malette Mappamadeng Daeng is a cousin of one of Sultan Daeng Radja. At the same time, Sultan Daeng Radja won the trust became an employee at the office of District Court (Landraad) Bulukumba. The return of Andi Sultan Daeng Radja to Bulukumba, pushing Gantarang Hadat Council (Indigenous Duapulua) held a meeting to choose candidates for the head of customs. The meeting then decided Andi Sultan Daeng Radja become Regen (Kepala Adat) Gantarang. This position is entrusted to the Dutch government expressed its recognition of the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia. In 1930, Andi Sultan Daeng Radja was honored to be Attorney at Landraad Bulukumba. After the proclamation of Independence August 17, 1945, the government accuses NICA Andi Sultan Daeng Radja involved in the struggle to maintain the independence of Indonesia so that he no longer used as a government. NICA later arrested and exiled Sultan Daeng Radja to Manado, North Sulawesi. Dated January 8, 1950, after the Round Table Conference (RTC) and the recognition of the sovereignty of Indonesia by the Dutch government to, Sultan Daeng Radja later released by the Netherlands and back to Bulukumba. On July 1, 1950 Andi Sultan Daeng Radja resigned his position as Chief of Adat Gantarang and was succeeded by his son Sultan Andi Andi Sappewali. After retiring from his position as Head of Indigenous Gantarang, Minister of the Interior pursuant to the Decree dated June 11, 1951 appointed him as regent in the office of Governor of South Sulawesi. April 4, 1955, he was assigned as the Regional District Bantaeng and appointed civil servants remain. In 1956, Sultan Daeng Radja was appointed Governor of South Sulawesi resident conjunct the corresponding presidential decree. A year later he was appointed Member of the Constituent Assembly. Andi Sultan Daeng Radja died on May 17, 1963 in Makassar Pelamonia Hospital at the age of 70 years. During his life, Andi Sultan Daeng Radja has four wives and 13 children.

History of Struggle Andi Sultan Daeng Radja

Andi Sultan Daeng Radja struggle against Dutch colonial rule began since I was a student at the School Voor Opdeling Indlandsche Ambtenar (OSVIA) in Makassar. Dislikes Sultan Daeng Radja against the colonial government was triggered by the tyranny and oppression of the Dutch government against the people of Bulukumba. Zeal to defend the people and nation of Indonesia imprinted in the soul of the Sultan Daeng Radja, the flared when he was actively following the development and growth of national organizations that emerged in Java. As Budi Utomo and the Trade Unions which was founded as a container Islamic struggle against Dutch colonial rule. Sultan Daeng Radja spirit to liberate his people from colonialism, making him secretly followed the youth congress Indonesia October 28, 1928, known as the Youth Pledge. After following this congress, the Sultan Daeng Radja's determination to expel the burning of the Dutch colonial Indonesia. Together with Dr. Pangerang Pettarani Ratulangi and Andi, Andi Sultan Daeng Radja was sent as a representative of South Sulawesi, attending a meeting of the Preparatory Committee of Indonesian Independence (PPKI) in Jakarta. PPKI is an entity that works to prepare the independence of the Republic of Indonesia on August 17, 1945. PPKI after attending a meeting, the Sultan Daeng Radja, stormed back to Bulukumba to brief their people about the results of the meeting PPKI and plans in order to follow up persitiwa historic independence of Indonesia. The news of independence of Indonesia presented the Sultan Daeng Radja, compassion and joy greeted by the entire people of Bulukumba. End of August 1945, Sultan Daeng Radja proposed the establishment of organizations of the National Unity Movement of Indonesia (PPNI). This organization, led by Andi Panamun and Abdul Karim. PPNI formed as a container to collect the youth in order to secure and defend the State of Indonesia. A few days after the independence of Indonesia August 17, 1945, allied forces landed in Indonesia, including in Bulukumba. The presence of allied forces, Ridden by Dutch soldiers equipped with the civilian government called the Nederlands Indies Civil Administration (NICA). The presence of NICA as well as the presence of Japanese troops, wanted to colonize Indonesia. Andi lunge Sultan Daeng Radja before Indonesia's independence and after independence in fighting for the independence of Indonesia, was alarmed NICA. Moreover, the Sultan Daeng Radja said it was not willing to cooperate with NICA. Dated December 2, 1945 NICA Andi Sultan Daeng Radja arrested at his residence, Kampung Kasuara, Gantarang. Andi Sultan Daeng Radja then taken to Makassar to hold.Colonial government hoped the arrest of Sultan Daeng Radja will turn off people's resistance Bulukumba. But the opposite happened. His arrest aroused the people's resistance against NICA Bulukumba. The fighters Bulukumba, then formed an armed resistance organization called the Warriors of the People's Army rebels Bulukumba (PBAR) led by Andi Shamsuddin. In organizations PBAR, Andi Sultan Daeng Radja seated as the Great Father.Although imprisoned, all activities are monitored by PBAR Sultan Daeng Radja. Through a family visit, the Sultan Daeng Radja gave orders to Laskar PBAR. After five years in prison in Makassar, on March 17, 1949, the colonial court and then prosecuting and sentencing Sultan Daeng Radja with the punishment of exile to Manado, North Sulawesi until January 8, 1950. Andi Sultan Daeng Radja struggle against colonialism in Indonesia, finally received high awards from the Government of Indonesia. Based on Presidential Decree No. 085/TK/Tahun 2006 dated November 3, 2006, the President conferred the title of National Hero and Star Signs Honor Mahaputera Adipradana to Andi Sultan Daeng Radja, at the State Palace on November 9, 2006.